从A到Z，26个实用Python模块/函数速览

Python is one of the world’s most popular, in-demand programming languages. This is for many reasons:

• it’s easy to learn

• it’s super versatile

• it has a huge range of modules and libraries

I use Python daily as an integral part of my job as a data scientist. Along the way, I’ve picked up a few useful tricks and tips.

Here, I’ve made an attempt at sharing some of them in an A-Z format.

Most of these ‘tricks’ are things I’ve used or stumbled upon during my day-to-day work. Some I found while browsing the Python Standard Library docs. A few others I found searching through PyPi.

However, credit where it is due — I discovered four or five of them over at awesome-python.com. This is a curated list of hundreds of interesting Python tools and modules. It is worth browsing for inspiration!

all or any

One of the many reasons why Python is such a popular language is because it is readable and expressive.

It is often joked that Python is ‘executable pseudocode ’. But when you can write code like this, it’s difficult to argue otherwise:

x = [True, True, False]

                

if any(x):
    print("At least one True")

                

if all(x):
    print("Not one False")

                

if any(x) and not all(x):
    print("At least one True and one False")

                

bashplotlib

You want to plot graphs in the console?

$ pip install bashplotlib

                

You can have graphs in the console.

collections

Python has some great default datatypes, but sometimes they just won’t behave exactly how you’d like them to.

Luckily, the Python Standard Library offers the collections module. This handy add-on provides you with further datatypes.

from collections import OrderedDict, Counter

                

# Remembers the order the keys are added!
x = OrderedDict(a=1, b=2, c=3)

                

# Counts the frequency of each character
y = Counter("Hello World!")

                

dir

Ever wondered how you can look inside a Python object and see what attributes it has? Of course you have.

From the command line:

>>> dir()
>>> dir("Hello World")
>>> dir(dir)

                

This can be a really useful feature when running Python interactively, and for dynamically exploring objects and modules you are working with.

Read more here.

emoji

Yes, really.

$ pip install emoji

                

Don’t pretend you’re not gonna try it out…

from emoji import emojize

                

print(emojize(":thumbs_up:"))